Gas molecules, which are made up of two or more atoms, make up the air we breathe. Although molecules are invisible to the naked eye, they are constantly whirling about in all directions at incredible speeds. They crash with each other and with the ground as they move… The rate at which molecules move determines the air’s temperature. Higher temperatures can be felt in the air if there is greater mobility in the molecules.
Thermometers are used to gauge the ambient temperature. Glass rods with a narrow tube inside are the most common thermometers. The thermometer has a reservoir, or “bulb,” at the bottom that provides the liquid for the tube. Mercury and red-colored alcohol can be found in the liquid. The bulb’s liquid expands as the temperature rises. It climbs to the top of the tube as the liquid expands in volume. The tube has a scale on it that indicates the temperature in either Fahrenheit or Celsius.
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Be sure to place the thermometer in the shade when taking an outside reading of the air temperature. When the thermometer is exposed to the sun’s rays, it generates heat. If this is the case, the readout is higher than the actual air temperature. Give the thermometer time to acclimatize to the outside temperature when you bring it outside. This could take a while.
How we measure air temperature
All synoptic and supplemental stations with an automated system use a platinum resistance thermometer (PRT) to monitor the air temperature. At a height of 1.25 m above the ground, the thermometer is exposed in a Stevenson screen (as shown in the image above) and is only ventilated naturally through side louvers on the screen. The thermometers are arranged in the screen as seen in the figure below. The black cables at the ends of which the PRTs are looped have two PRTs: one for operational usage and one for backup.
Additional to that, the screen has four thermometers that are used only for checking the temperature. Temperature is connected to the platinum wire’s resistance, which is monitored by high-precision electrical equipment that is normally adjacent to the screen when using a PRT.
Every eight years, the thermometer is re-calibrated to ensure that the readings can be tracked back to the national norm. The PRT equipment’ remarkable stability justifies the considerable interval between calibrations.
How we measure grass minimum temperature
To establish the grass minimum temperature, scientists have traditionally used a thermometer positioned horizontally over short-cropped turf and in touch with the tips of grass blades to detect how cold it gets overnight.
A lack of daily attention by an observer or caretaker has rendered the set-up untenable in light of growing automation. Artificial grass surfaces have taken the role of natural grass under the grass minimum thermometer at the majority of automatic stations.
Grass minimum temperature is measured using a platinum resistance thermometer at nearly all synoptic and supplemental stations that use an automatic method (see image above.) Natural grass serves as an ideal surface for exposing alcohol-in-glass temperature sensors at manned climate stations.
The prediction word “ground frost” refers to a grass minimum temperature of 0 degrees Celsius or lower.
How we measure concrete minimum temperature
A thermometer in direct contact with a concrete slab is used to determine the lowest concrete temperature, as seen in the image above. Laying flat, the slab is practically flush with the surrounding ground, its top is exposed to the open sky and the open air. Almost all mechanical climate stations employ platinum resistance thermometers, while manned climate stations use alcohol-in-glass minimum thermometers.
Met Office stations have been taking concrete minimum measurements since December 1, 1968, which are most related to the occurrence of ice on runways or roads.
How we measure soil minimum temperature
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Platinum resistance thermometers are used to measure soil temperature at depths of 10 cm, 30 cm, and 100 cm at many automated stations.
It is done by burying the thermometers at 10 cm and 30 cm in undisturbed soil on a vertical wall of a trench, which is then back-filled with earth.
An alternative approach for determining depth is to use a thermometer hanging in a tube with its tip at the desired depth. Flooding of the tube can occur owing to wet soil or severe rains on occasion. The ground surface above the 10 cm soil thermometer is kept naked to ensure that measurements are consistent between locations.
Soil temperature is measured at staffed climate stations using alcohol-in-glass thermometers that the observer reads.
Right-angle bend in the tube allows the bulb to be buried at the desired depth and the scale to be read horizontally above the surface for simple reading of the 10 cm thermometers.
For the 30 cm and 100 cm measurements, standard alcohol-in-glass thermometers are suspended inside tubes. An additional layer of glass protects these thermometers.
According to the National Weather Service, ir temperature is the most widely measured quantity in the atmosphere. Temperature affects all aspect of a person’s life, from what they wear to what they do on a daily basis. I think it’s crucial to know how to accurately monitor the temperature because it’s so critical. There are a lot of people, including experienced meteorologists, who aren’t exactly following the rules put out by the National Weather Service. I’m sure you’ll be astonished.
Temperature sensors of all kinds, from old-fashioned mercury thermometers to the latest in digital technology, can be used in accordance with these instructions.
Place the thermometer 5 feet above the ground (+/- 1 ft.). A thermometer too low will pick up excess heat from the ground and a thermometer too high will likely have too cool of a temperature due to natural cooling aloft. 5 ft. is just right.
Place the thermometer 5 feet above the ground (+/- 1 ft.) with the needle pointing up. Due to natural cooling in the air, a thermometer that is too high or too low will pick up more heat from the earth. 5 feet is the perfect height.
Make sure your thermometer has adequate ventilation. This keeps the thermometer in a state of equilibrium with the surrounding environment by circulating the surrounding air. As a result, it is critical to ensure that your thermometers are not obstructed by trees or buildings. Having more of a dialogue is always preferable.
Place the thermometer over a grassy or dirt surface. Concrete and pavement attract much more heat than grass. That is why cities are often warmer compared to suburbs. It is recommended to keep the thermometer at least 100 ft. from any paved or concrete surfaces to prevent an erroneously high-temperature measurement.
Use a grassy or dirty area for the thermometer. Concrete and asphalt heat up far faster than grass does. As a result, cities tend to be warmer than their surrounding areas. To avoid an incorrectly high temperature reading, keep the thermometer at least 100 feet away from any paved or concrete surfaces.
The Invisible Particles in the Air
In case you didn’t know, the gas molecules in the air are made up of diverse combinations of two or more atoms. Because they can’t be seen with the human eye, the molecules in our bodies are continually in motion at great speeds. As these undetectable specks move about, they tend to run into one another and into the surrounding solid objects.
What is Air Temperature?
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Air temperature is a measurement of the average random mobility of the atoms and molecules in the surrounding environment. Greater heat is generated when the molecules have more energy of motion, which results in a higher air temperature that you can sense.
What Instrument is Used to Measure Air Temperature?
Temperature can only be measured using a thermometer. For the most part, thermometers resemble a calibrated glass rod with a very small tube embedded within it..
A liquid has been placed within this tube, as can be seen by paying attention. Mercury or a red-colored alcohol could be the substance in question. There is a bulb-like reservoir at the bottom of the thermometer that provides liquid for the tube.
In addition, as the liquid substance rises, it expands as well. As a result, the liquid in the tube rises to the top. To measure the temperature of the air, you’ll need a glass rod with a scale marked in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit.
How to Measure Air Temperature: The Basics
Temperature readings are inaccurate unless they are taken in the shade since thermometers measure their own temperature. This will allow the thermometer to achieve thermal equilibrium with the air molecules surrounding it, and so detect the temperature at which it is situated.
The liquid will heat up and give you a reading that is far higher than the actual temperature of the air if you place it in bright sunshine. Ignoring these rules will only cause your thermometer to measure your own temperature, not that in your room. It takes a few minutes for your thermometer to acclimatize to the temperature outside before you can take a reading.
Is it a Good Idea to Grow Plants Inside a Hobby Greenhouse?
Anyone who loves gardening should consider investing in a small greenhouse for their own personal usage. Setting up a greenhouse might be expensive, but its benefits greatly outweigh the original expenditure. It’s possible that the following list of advantages will persuade you to start growing your plants in a hobby greenhouse after all.
You can grow more plants and extend their growing periods
Many gardeners choose greenhouse gardening as a means of expanding their plant palettes and extending the length of their growing seasons. You may cultivate tropical plants even if you live in a cold location since a hobby greenhouse allows you to manage the climate inside its enclosed space. If you reside in the tropics, on the other hand, you’ll be able to cultivate a wider range of fruits, vegetables, herbs, and flowers in your own hobby greenhouse.
You’ll get to save more money on produce
Setting up a hobby greenhouse will allow you to grow your own food more easily. As a result, you’ll be able to create the ideal conditions for harvesting a higher amount of produce. Foods that are normally not available because of the season are included in this list.
You’ll keep those pesky pests and animals out
For the most part, traditional outdoor gardeners must contend with the continual threat of pests and animals damaging their plants and crops. Among the many pests that prey on these plants are aphids, cabbage worms, flea beetles, tarnished plant bugs, Japanese beetles, caterpillars, and cutworms, in addition to raccoons, rabbits, and deer. A hobby greenhouse can safeguard your plants from pests and animals that would otherwise squander your time and money in the garden.
It protects your plants from inclement weather
If you grow your plants in a hobby greenhouse, you won’t have to worry about them being damaged by extreme weather conditions like high winds, heavy rain, blizzards, and hail.
Have your personal backyard oasis
Whether you keep your plants in a hobby greenhouse, it doesn’t matter if it’s snowing outside; you can still enjoy being around them. Imagine yourself stepping into a tropical paradise complete with your own growing and flourishing plants.
The Takeaway
Having learned how to assess air temperature, you can now control the atmosphere in which your plants grow. A hobby greenhouse is an excellent investment if you want to take your gardening to the next level.
In a greenhouse, how do you measure air temperature?
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Danh mục: Garden
